Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
Englisches Seminar SS 2000 PS: British Influence in South Africa
S. Gordon-Schröder Ref.: Jan Flittner
Music in South Africa
1.In General
-bound to social-political history
-lots of musical styles: kwela, mbaqanga, mbube, soul, disco, reggae, rock, pop, jazz...
-influences from USA and GB
-important names: Miriam Makeba, Abdullah Ibrahim, Hugh Masekela
-Paul Simon’s Graceland (1986): big influence on SA, made South African popular in the whole world
2.Johnny Clegg (the White Zulu) and Juluka/Savuka
-born 1953 in England
-to SA when he was 6 years old
-fascinated by Zulu music and dances, wanted to be a Zulu
-1972: met Sipho Mchunu
-1976: formation of Juluka (”sweat”), the first mixed (black and white) band which caused problems with the authorities
-African music mixed with European (folk, rock, pop...)
-1985: End of Juluka, Sipho went back to his community to be a farmer
-1986: Savuka (”we have awakened”), just one month before State of Emergency
-more international style with less South African parts
-but: on some albums more South African
-most political works (Asimbonanga which was banned from radio in SA)
-greatest success in Europe and overseas
-1992: End of Savuka
-from 1996 he works together with Sipho again (his farm had been destroyed in a tribal war)
-again Juluka
-”new sound”, influenced by new South African dance music like Bubblegum and Kwaito
-1997: New album ”Crocodile Love”
3.Kwaito
-the new ”big thing” in SA
-black dance music
-”feel good”
-mix of international hiphop and house with local rhythms
-tempo is slow, massive bass lines, Zulu texts
-very popular in all parts of the society
-it doesn’t matter if you’re black, white or coloured: just ”feel good”
4.Bibliography:
Hamm, Charles: Afro-American Music, South Africa, and Apartheid,
Institute for Studies in American Music, New York, 1988
Internet:
-
-http://home.global.co.za/~real/johnnyclegg.htm (info on biography)
-http://www.alumni.caltech.edu/~aerdmann/.index.html (lots of Clegg-links)
-http://www.globalbeat.de/jclegg.htm (Link existiert nicht mehr) (interview with Clegg, nicht mehr im Netz!)
-http://www.cd.co.za/ (Amuzine - African Music Magazine, very recommended, use “search” to find info)
-http://www.dirtynelson.com/linen/feature/67clegg.html (info on biography)
- Seite von ix.de (info on kwaito nicht mehr vorhanden )